� Understand OSHA requirements for excavation and trenching operations.
� Identify excavation hazards�including cave-ins, soil instability, water, utilities, and atmospheric risks.
� Perform soil classification using OSHA-approved visual and manual tests.
� Select and evaluate protective systems (sloping, benching, shoring, shielding).
� Conduct required daily inspections and document findings as the Competent Person.
� Recognize changing conditions requiring immediate corrective action.
� Develop hazard-control strategies to prevent excavation-related injuries.